Netherlands - Recycling of metals is crucial in the transition to a sustainable circular economy. Many raw materials are becoming scarce, shifting mining to increasingly vulnerable areas, escalating both environmental and human rights problems. Land grabbing, forced relocation, water usage and water pollution are some of the main problems caused by mining and refining of metals. Mining requires more energy than reuse and recycling, and the current lack of recycling of metals in electronics also leads to waste problems. Furthermore, resource scarcity might increase metal prices. It is therefore also crucial for the economy to make sure we do not waste resources any longer.

READ THE FULL REPORT